[c5vk~a5T?, P[oFVB-"X7/S{+} 2b(RG,}ti\ Think about the italicized questions Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. This was all Congress needed to begin impeachment proceedings. These expanding Northern cities were a draw for much of the dislocated workforce in the Southincluding newly freed slaves. A Democrat and the only senator from the South who remained loyal to the Union, Johnson at first seemed ready to take a hard line against the former Confederacy. The Freedmen's Bureau was designed to help blacks and poor whites by providing cloths, food, and education. The states were allowed to ignore the Fourteenth Amendment. The new state legislatures adopted socalled black codes to keep the newly freed African Americans, or freedmen, in their place. Who was the Republican leader in the House? Who did it benefit? The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. HUj@}WDn! Was corruption now any less? Describe the general character of the social conditions within the nation in the aftermath of Reconstruction. Henry McNeal Turner was the first African American elected to the Georgia General Assembly. Why did Republicans retreat from their commitment to black voting and civil rights? They passed two bills. Which of the following best summarizes President Lincolns attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? And Black Americans continued to face acts of organized intimidation, mob violence, and murder because of their race. Use information gathered from the interactive maps to inform their understanding of the political, social, and economic problems confronting the nation in the wake of Reconstruction. kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya Why Did Reconstruction Come to an End? Reconstruction came to an end as a direct result of too many Southerners opposing the reconstruction. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. Did Congress like the 10% Plan? Yes, two from Mississippi. The Ku Klux Klan was a secretive, racist organization who used violence and fear to intimidate freedmen and whites that supported freedmen. answer choices Reconstruction Freedman's Bureau Black Codes Jim Crow Laws Question 7 900 seconds Q. After 10% of a states voters signed a loyalty oath to the Union and the Constitution and abolished slavery, it could hold elections and vote and would be granted a full pardon and readmitted to the Union. Which group was still not aloud to vote? 414 0 obj <> endobj Sharecroppers typically did not have enough good farmland or time to tend to it. The reconstruction period had its successes and failures. Who had been his early political supporters? for freed slaves. first hand documnets or eye witness accounts from this time. Following the presentations, the teacher may also wish to lead the class in a discussion of the methodology of this activity, asking students to examine the ways in which maps, pictures, and original documents expanded their understanding of the topic. endstream endobj 418 0 obj <>stream quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. Women still could not vote. and any corresponding bookmarks? Another useful resource is the Educator Resourcesof the National Archives, which features a set of Document Analysis Worksheets. Use the following abbreviations: DO for direct object, PN for predicate nominative, OC for objective complement, IO for indirect object, or PA for predicate adjective. The great political battles of the era were full of interesting reflections and assertions about the nature and purpose of America and American government. WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that 'B!Kck#'=kimtfqqT~>(i{w-[V] In part, Grants administration suffered because of some real and some exaggerated charges of corruptionmost of which did not directly involve Grant but tarnished him nonetheless. The historian (i.e., the teacher) will preside over the presentations and discussions and help the class distill the information gathered so that the class, together, can compose a two-page brief for the historian summarizing the impact of the Reconstruction debate over voting rights on the politics of the nation in 1877. What tactics were used? It was known as the 10% Plan. A Short Overview of the Reconstruction Era and Ulysses S. Grant's In actuality carpetbaggers were people who came down from the North to help freedmen and poor whites through the Freedmen's Bureau. It abolished slavery in the United States. Women's groups withdrew support to work on woman's suffrage. More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. Yes, a few. A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. A monumental tomb in New York City was constructed in his honor as a result of what was the largest public fundraising campaign in history up to that time. HWn}W*(5X,lvLvv}X[ZKq>yFNIQ:UNWOo+S.~/\N($B;f %QI`MVy*|UrS=/4t4_&y^F?7KH84ZxGIUl~&=$wZ]mI_}?cIt4.#9r{s~zn|'nDD DqPz7.|f@(F_k~mz\(J( ,l=70$(yAbs[ki i l}QXvf;;4f74x4B3G3=!7.W X5Xz4]?w/ %Q:!^M_}8z:K H?Ce[U|.CKu@CY) iw#7PY7WP$|WPUqAr5vVK]tok*Dx|MX:-!O Jo#=j8u>rRt\?n! ~.Mgq1JwPD_8 sgA4DY_.kYTP@FuU;zvbEFX=1 S$&5blu1X3=y\W]lh 5f+tY[SU%-6+VZX]r6_>:@ t QYoySE"6=sPoa'&vxgO,q2@pYb: S,d.b9Ij?z/pT0,8[Bx53;IGbxfBQcNx;sLWcw1s}(5_1TJz0O#FNl7DysZjEnjN0_k!d.vT&_AfjwGlEPC|aVK=:+JG}gg] @@ovkV\Uv(%xR\V&%9 cn_n@:/X4m4dIo1i`m[q}+ql4w President Johnsons view of African Americans was: That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights, That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights, That they should not be granted equal rights to whites. Many Native American tribes were stripped of their lands, moved onto reservations, forced into an assimilation program not of their choosing, and in some cases massacred by settlers and/or the U.S. Army. The teacher may wish to review these documents so as to be able to explain any difficult vocabulary or unfamiliar vernacular. there was corruption, but no more in the South than the North and no more than usual in the gov't, but Democrats kept this myth alive to keep power. However, Congress refused to seat the newly elected senators and representatives from the South. The sentence contains at least one complement. What was the purpose of the military Reconstruction Act quizlet? The Military Reconstruction Act stated that remaining Confederate states that had not been reconstructed would be divided into five military districts and put under martial law. State governments set up under Johnsons Reconstruction plan were deemed illegal and new governments were to be formed. WebReconstruction was a significant chapter in the history of civil rights in the United States, but most historians consider it a failure. The authors of the documents were selected to show a variety of contrasting views and also to reflect the different ways that Reconstruction affected various populations. For the most part, women were unsuccessful in their own fight for voting rights. To conclude, the Reconstruction was almost a complete failure. Segregation was legal, as long as the notion of separate but equal was being followed. The organization put in place after the Civil War to provide schools in the South was known as: answer choices The Civil Rights Committee The Tenure of Office Act required the president to obtain approval from the Senate to remove any officeholder that the Senate had confirmed. For this activity, the students will use the interactive maps [temporarily located at http://civclients.com/nehint/recon/] as well as the documents specified below that can be found in the Text Document for Activity 1. The Fifteenth Amendment was designed to allow all male citizens the right to vote regardless of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. This was a bold and progressive change to Americas Constitution, however feelings of racism persisted throughout the wounded nation. There was no profit for workers. In all, the history of Reconstruction was an object lesson in the limitations of persuasion in politicsas was the history of the Civil War that preceded it. Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet RZhC Did Congress do anything about white violence? But in his first showdown with Congress upon being elected, Grant backed down and accepted a compromise proposal with the Senate even after the House had voted to join him in his opposition to the Act. Though Republicans made quick and huge political gains in the South as newly enfranchised black voters rushed to their support, it was clear that the party and its ideals of peace through racial and sectional harmony on Republican terms remained unpopular with large segments of the populationparticularly with those who were disenfranchised because they could not take the oath or otherwise prove their loyalty to the Union. The carpetbaggers, so named because of how they travelled light with inexpensive luggage made of fabric, were largely a benign group of Northern Republicans seeking a fresh start in the South (despite Southern Democrats fears to the contrary). What was the purpose of the Freedmens Bureau? If you leave this page, your progress will be lost. A time of rebuilding the South after the Civil War to resolve the South's problems and bring it back into the Union What were the problems If the teachers students have little experience evaluating primary source documents, there are several websites that include activities to help students develop these skills. The KKK wanted to move power in government back to the Democratic Party. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined citizenship and affirmed that all citizens are equally protected by the law. many became sharecroppers. They came from a wide variety of backgrounds ranging from highly-educated professionals to former Civil War soldiers. Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branchs power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# A large number of immigrants and African Americans were given voting rights. WebThe largest weapons factories were located in the South. B 9. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Civil War & Reconstruction Part 2 Quiz - Quizizz Grandfather clauses gave citizens the right to vote if their grandfathers had been able to vote in elections prior to Reconstruction. E&GvBQ"RYP F2;~}i,v K_)DR zdh[_/P&ME *8-pmw(j7Qjcmj9~::$x}v8@;aZwO,qo They gave land to the railroads. He told the southern states to reject it. Right now, he is working on the chapter that examines the importance and impact of the Fourteenth Amendment. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. 2. (.EVDY(*BAwz{}}$awd$J7 IBFQ` As a result, the Democrats began using their newfound majority to roll back many of the social programs put in place during Reconstruction that were designed to aid the poor and African Americans. Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. 35(VgS[Ywhhyy]^TTrni9j8m^!^ H` When duly elected black representatives were expelled from the Georgia legislature, Georgia once again fell under military rule. In any event, these Northern carpetbaggers were viewed as outsiders and exploiters by many who formerly had been loyal to the Confederacy. Farmers would collude to drive up prices of certain crops. Lincoln's plan was the easiest, and the Radical Republican Plan was the hardest on the South. In Grants opposition to the Tenure of Office Act (passed during Johnsons term in 1867), which required Senate approval of all presidential appointments and dismissals, many believed that Grant evinced the kind of political fortitude necessary to set things aright. Grant's victory came in large part to nearly 500,000 black voters in the South who overwhelmingly voted for him and the Republican party during the election. It was left to the Senate to try the presidentwith Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase presidingand determine whether he should be removed from office. Distinguish the central and driving ideas at work in the documents used to illustrate this lesson. they became caught up in debt. endstream endobj 415 0 obj <>/Metadata 42 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[423 0 R]>>/Outlines 67 0 R/PageLabels 408 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 410 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/StructTreeRoot 70 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 416 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC/ImageI]/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 417 0 obj <>stream %%EOF In this activity, students will be asked to imagine that they are research assistants gathering evidence for a prominent historian (the teacher) during the years following Reconstruction. WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? Prior to his election Congress had already passed, among other legislative acts: Guaranteed protection for all U.S. citizens, regardless of color, to "to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties, give evidence, and to the full and equal benefit of all laws and proceedings for the security of persons and property as is enjoyed by white citizens, and shall be subject to like punishment, pains, penalties, taxes, licenses, and exactions of every kind." Radical Republicans thought it was letting the South off too easily. Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. With the assistance of original historical documents, students will consider the ways different perceptions from leading political figures about the outcomes of Reconstruction affected the political debate and the political future of the nation. D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina (on the occasion of riots in Hamburg, S.C.), August 1, 1876, Group C: Excerpt from Carl Schurz, speech in the Senate, January 30, 1872, Group D: Rutherford B. Hayes, letter of acceptance of the nomination for the Presidency, June 8, 1876. After the impeachment of Andrew Johnson and the ascendancy of Congress in directing Reconstruction policy, the realities of enforcing their well-meaning goals soon dimmed the enthusiasm of many Republicans. On September 111, 193919391939, Nazi Germany invaded Poland. Force Acts, KKK Act, gave president authority to call in federal troops if needed, but it happened only once. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W The citizens of the South had to take an oath of loyalty, and once 10% of the state had taken the oath the state could rejoin the Union. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? State conventions, elected by universal male suffrage, were to draw up new constitutions, which had to give blacks the right to vote and had to be approved by Congress. The Radical. Many went to work in the mills. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional (Radical Republican), and then Military control (Military Reconstruction Act - South broken down into 5 military districts), Communication des organisations - section 3, Lincoln's vs. Johnson's Plans for Reconstruct, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Civil War, Reconstruction and Old West Review. Who was it supposed to help? Provided food, clothes, transportation, etc. All of the amendments were made to protect former slaves and their rights but on paper they did not have any rights. Segregation laws were legal in former Confederate states only. y@bi(^k^izu#(fN@)Z4x[wN)Gd\JvWma:M;:*BL5;Sh`2lM^YQ2k(!W7.W)J0>krA"eXk+n R/B.zuu7' ]apJ|_wv^k| +^|B`:H$wlEnT*8@0vX{[rm6FoN,iE?FF/mh@u'Q{$]pJn07a8Y9U-A/, S7GYjkQUKC2"qxLa=23P21 |0Cm)r PS)et%.H e' Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain, February 17, 1868 during the South Carolina Constitutional Convention, Excerpt from Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri, Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain. Booth, a stage actor, had ties to the Confederate cause. Lincolns view, while prudent, was not extremely popular. a person from the northern states who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the Reconstruction. It contributed to a chastening of Republican ambitions in the South and forced the party to concentrate on maintaining its base of support in the North rather than growing the party in Dixie. What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? Literacy tests were put into place requiring citizens to read difficult passages from legal documents in order to be able to vote. Equally important, the concept of "civil rights" was established during this period. Share Croppers:Mostly Freedmen who had no tools or supplies, and worked, farmed, and lived on someone else's land. they had belonged to the democratic party known as the bourbon democrats. dkRlbH/Wo/3+Po32dDJAw'sN72G>0,a-X{..\&j;Z0P{~S W]O"Kwrzb\G 7O XctWhpk Upon taking office, Grant hoped to build upon the previously established framework by championing the 15th Amendment to enhance, protect, and guarantee black male voting rights nationwide. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction, Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and more. Why was the election of 1876 called the Disputed Election? At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. Reconstruction plan Flashcards | Quizlet The states could enter the Union if they promised they would ratify the Fourteenth Amendment within five years. %%EOF The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution officially abolished and continues to prohibit slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. What were the economic beliefs of the Radical Republicans? To provide African Americans access to government services, To desegregate Southern society and institutions, To restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force, To repeal the slave codes that were in place before the war. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream What problems were faced by the freed slaves? Its members where southern whites that did not agree with the ideas of Reconstruction. quizlet President Grant undoubtedly played a important role in what was the country's first civil rights movement in some ways, but Reconstruction had its shortcomings. This amendment prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (slavery). endstream endobj 114 0 obj <>stream HUn0+(cj , @X! What happened to black The website Making Sense of Letters and Diaries is one such site. Workers would be given a modest home, supplies, and a small portion of land to farm for personal use in exchange for also farming the landowners land. endstream endobj startxref 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. In that compromise, Republican Rutherford B. Hayes won a tight race for the Presidency with just one electoral voteon the condition that all federal troops be removed from the South and a southern Democrat be named to his cabinet. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. 422 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<265032BD191E80938A6ADD50CB5C2A09><70F37FA8EF8F2147B5D06180275EA241>]/Index[414 23]/Info 413 0 R/Length 60/Prev 68229/Root 415 0 R/Size 437/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream The Compromise of 1877 gave the South and its Democratic majority the reigns to carry out social and legal reforms as they saw fit without federal interference or oversight. bookmarked pages associated with this title. Removing #book# Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. endstream endobj 118 0 obj <>stream Presented to the Capitalists and People of the Central and Northern States, by Bannister, Cowan & Company, Group E: Excerpt from Albert T. Morgan, Yazoo, Or, On the Picket Line of Freedom, 1881. The next century would see African Americans continuing to fight for the legal rights they had been granted and were rightfully entitled to. While some historians see Reconstruction as both success and failure, Foner takes an unequivocal stance that Reconstruction was not at all successful. He cites several reasons in support of his opinion economic and political, as well as social. List the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. You have not finished your quiz. It was thought the freed slaves would be forced to work. In the Senate? Johnson toured the nation, where he gave speeches opposing the radicals in Congress. Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. Certainly, there was deep resentment on the part of many white southerners who did not want to accept the idea of racial equality. Conclusion: The Effects of Reconstruction - Course Hero *SY(u% 9 `a{/uXZO`qf\ v-Nf. The speeches backfired. evaluating the reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet WebThe Reconstruction period lasted from 1865 to 1877. Several states refused to either repudiate the huge debt produced by the war or unconditionally accept the Thirteenth Amendment. Who was one of the first black representatives in the Georgia Assembly? Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. hbbd``b` $ H0E$ b3!D( ( qX | Teachers may wish to have students read several of the following, which illustrate the tension and uncertainty that existed along with the joy of liberty: Students might then be asked to examine the painting A Visit from the Old Mistress from the EDSITEment-reviewed site Africans in America. By allowing the former Confederates to reenter the political arena, Republicans faced an uphill battle against the surge in Democratic support and voter-suppression tactics aimed at Republicans and African Americans. Students will be organized into five small groups, each of which will be assigned a document and a set of worksheet questions. Required 50% of southern white men to swear allegiance of the union and accept the end of slavery. Women's rights advocates Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were incensed that the Fifteenth Amendment did not also list gender among the conditions that could not be used to deny a citizen the right to vote. hb```b``Vd`f``fc@ >3G#C \5lb`(q.UrA) g``0PZTQH1;kz7/2FI1iMF>C20Jin83lFy6W iB5; Why of why not? answer choices Time period after the Civil War Attempt to rebuild and reunite the North and South When 3 new amendments to the Constitution were passed All of the above! In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. The House of Representatives even voted to impeach Johnson over an appointment he made that violated the newly instated Tenure of Office Act. Evaluating Why did white southerners move to take the vote away from blacks at the end of the century? Describe the agriculture system of the New South. answer choices More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely. President Ulysses S. Grant had been elected partly because he seemed to show promise of strong executive leadership, but also because he was viewed in the afterglow of his wartime success. Most people in the Union supported the Confederacy's was a name for southern whites who supported Reconstruction in the South, often Republican. Lincoln realized that, with the war over, anything that prolonged the divide between North and South would be harmful to the nation overall. This condition was inevitable given the disqualification of many of the regions most experienced and able government officials because of their disfranchisement for participation in the late rebellion. What were some of the accomplishments of the Reconstruction legislatures? 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. For each group, briefly describe (in one paragraph) the primary motivations and objectives that moved them to action. Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? Also, this page requires javascript. no, although many blacks stopped participating. The teacher may also want to point out that original documents, such as these, retain their original spelling and syntaxeven if incorrect. In the South, the failure of Republican state governments to make serious inroads on the politics of the region led to a weakening resolve to protect the civil and political rights of freedmen. The First Reconstruction Act (March 1867) invalidated the state governments established under Johnson's policies (except the government of Tennessee, which had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment) and divided the former Confederacy into five military districts. After reading their assigned document, students should answer the document questions on their worksheet and then proceed to the interactive to answer those questions.
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