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Homepage Strasbourg. two bells are from 1987 and 2006. This Carolingian church is believed to have had an apse flanked by two chapels and a nave covered with a wooden beamed roof, but no trace remains today. In 2010, the metropolitan area of Strasbourg is inhabited by 759,868 people. The portal outside the northern transept is equally fascinating, 10. When the Romans were driven out, the original structure was replaced by a temple dedicated to the Virgin Mary. It is in a Neo-Byzantine style, with Christ in a red frame in the center. Other The church marked a historic moment in architecture, 11. With its spire soaring 142m above the city, Our Lady of Strasbourg Cathedral was the highest building in the West until the nineteenth century. It was hoisted up to its present position in 1327. The upper windows at Strasbourg fill the entire space between the triforium and the vaults. It houses one of the biggest astronomical clocks in the world, 15. The Bishop appealed to the new Emperor, who granted one eighth of his revenues in the province toward the construction of a new Cathedral. Emperior Charles V visits the cathedral in 1552. Other articles where Cathedral of Notre-Dame is discussed: Strasbourg: The contemporary city: Strasbourg's 11th-15th-century Cathedral of Notre-Dame, damaged in 1870 and again in World War II, has been carefully restored. As it turns, it shows the 1,022 stars identified by Ptolemy, as viewed above the horizon of Strasbourg. [17], The Romanesque chevet of the cathedral, seen in 1671, Romanesque pillars, vaults and squinches of the transept, In 1002, following the death of the Holy Roman Emperor Otto III, a battle broke out between his potential successors. The statue of the "Synagogue" is blindfolded, since Jews did not recognise the divinity of Christ. The small circular windows above the Emperors depict scenes from the life of Christ.[73]. It is really beautiful and imposing! Recht, Roland; Foessel, Georges; Klein, Jean-Pierre: Learn how and when to remove this template message, Al-Qaeda plot to bomb the adjacent Christmas market, List of tallest structures built before the 20th century, St. Peter and St. Paul's Church, Wissembourg, "Architecture et sculpture gothiques: cathdrale de Strasbourg (1)", "Prodige du gigantesque et du dlicat (translation)", "Chronologie des fouilles archologiques", "17. Full description. The cathedral is known for its ornate architecture and is one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in Europe. The octagonal vault is covered with arches and lacelike interlaced sculpture in the late Gothic Flamboyant style. Further modifications were made to the crypts in the 12th century. This enormous bell was installed but cracked shortly afterwards. [9] The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, a municipal museum located in the Foundation's buildings, displays original works of art from the cathedral, such as sculptures and stained-glass, but also the surviving original medieval buildings plans. It was the tallest building of world for over 227 years. It's easy to get to by train from other regions in France (I took a direct train from Paris) or by car if you are driving. The reason is simply that the intention was to eventually build the south tower, but this never happened, resulting in the buildings distinctive form today. The first overhead vault before the cupola features a 19th-century painting of the Last Judgement by Charles Auguste Steinheil, a collaborator of Eugne Viollet-le-Duc and other notable cathedral-restorers. The portal of the infancy of Christ (left) depicts angels, bishops and saints in the voussures, and figures representing the virtues, carrying spears, prod the figures representing the vices. Constructed of pink sandstone from the Vosges Mountains, it took nearly 3 centuries of work to complete this "gigantic and delicate marvel", as Victor Hugo called it. A paleochristian church or cathedral is believed to have been founded by an edict of Clovis I, but its exact location and appearance is unknown. Like the city of Strasbourg, the cathedral connects German and French cultural influences, while the eastern structures, e.g. A first Romanesque cathedral was built in the 11th century which later burnt to the ground. The Strasbourg astronomical clock is located in the Cathdrale Notre-Dame of Strasbourg, Alsace, France. It is easily recognizable by its pink sandstone faade and its unique tower. The main architect and the man credited with most of the cathedrals design was Erwin von Steinbach (1244-1318), a German architect. It also preserves the earliest plans of the cathedral, as well as paintings and tapestries and other objects. During the Franco-Prussian War of 187071, city was under siege. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Cathedral Strasbourg France Church Vintage Antique Photo 1910's 1920's 1930's at the best online prices at eBay! "We will rebuild Notre-Dame together because that is what our history deserves." The goal is to have the repairs completed in time for the 2024 Summer Olympics. It also dates from the 15th century. The Strasbourg Cathedral is impossible to miss as it towers above the surrounding buildings and is located in the center of the city. How tall is Strasbourg Cathedral? Each pillar bundles sixteen smaller columns, of which five reach upward to support the vaults overhead. Construction of the Neo-Romanessque dome over the transept was begun, and new bronze doors were installed in 1879. Above this is a globe, with painted figures of the Church and the Antichrist confronting each other. Under Charlemagne, the Bishop Remi consecrated the altar and built a funeral crypt in about 778. de la Cathdrale, 67000 Strasbourg, France Phone +33 3 88 21 43 34 Web Visit website One of France's most stunning examples of late Gothic architecture, Strasbourg Cathedral towers over the Northern city's skyline with dramatic, imposing details. The cathedral has a rich history, dating back to the . Work on the church was frequently interrupted by wars and political crises. [79], The Romanesque north transept has four traverses, which were the first in the cathedral to receive Gothic rib vaults. They were manufactured between 1638 and 1657 in Paris by Pierre Damour. [67], The spire above the tower is composed of eight stages of elaborate octagonal structure, linked together by interlaced arches and pinnacles, which contain a stairway to the lantern at the top. 1439-1939", "Straburger Mnster, Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg", "Straburger Mnster Mnster Unserer Lieben Frau", Notre Dame Cathedral (original plans and contemporary photographs), Historical Sketch of the Cathedral of Strasbourg, Diocese of GrenobleVienne-les-Allobroges, Armenian Catholic Eparchy of Sainte-Croix-de-Paris, Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Lebanon of Paris, Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Saint Vladimir the Great of Paris, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Strasbourg_Cathedral&oldid=1140780300, 15th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in France, Roman Catholic churches completed in 1439, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Articles with German-language sources (de), Articles needing cleanup from October 2021, Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from October 2021, Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from October 2021, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, Articles with MusicBrainz place identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, First Emperor Window: HENRICUS REX (presumably, Fourth Emperor Window: KAROLUS D[ic]C[tu]S MARTEL PATER BIPPINI (, Fifth Emperor Window: LOTHARIUS ROMANORUM IMPERATOR (. Other objects and works from the cathedral, including the mechanism of the original astronomical clock, are found in the Muse des arts dcoratifs de Strasbourg. The pointed gable over the central portal, decorated with a sculpture of the Virgin Mary and child, reaches up into the space in front of the rose window. Among the paintings, those worthy of mention are the "Assumption of the Virgin" and "Ascension of Christ", by Joseph Heim (1787-1865). It is the seat of the Archbishop of Strasbourg and one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in Europe. By car Served by the A4 and the A35. Kids Encyclopedia Facts. The Director of public works of Strasbourg, Grold, quickly took down and protected the statues of the portal, but 215 statues of the voussures over the portals were smashed with hammers, as were the angels atop the gables on the facade, and the crowns and sceptres of the statues of the kings. Above this are two levels of animated mechanical figures, above that a figure of Christ and the four Evangelists, under a dome formed by crossed arches. It was completed in 1399 and highlight of the cathedral was its 142-metre spire. [86], Life of the Virgin Mary tapestry - "The Nativity" (163857), The cathedral has a particularly fine group of fourteen tapestries depicting the life of the Virgin Mary. [85], The cathedral has two Romanesque crypts, the oldest parts of the cathedral. The Steinbachs's plans for the completion of the cathedral were not followed through by the chief architects who took over after them, and instead of the originally envisioned two spires, a single, octagonal tower with an elongated, octagonal crowning was built on the northern side of the west facade by master Ulrich von Ensingen and his successor, Johannes Hltz. It was the highest building in the world from 1647 to 1874. One of the oldest surviving architectural drawings of the cathedral. On the east wall, the windows depict Christ in Majesty, Saint Lawrence, a Virgin and Child, and John the Baptist. While its most definitely assumed that drawings of buildings were made before the construction of this cathedral, the construction of this particular church marked an important moment in architectural history. The pilasters between the stairways are older, from 1015. The Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg is the landmark of the city and known in the whole world. Under the balustrade is a large painting on wood illustrating the Nativity, in a sweeping landscape. [36], A series of major reconstructions and restorations were carried out in the second of the century Gustave Klotz[fr] from 1837 to 1888. There are three stairways down to the crypt, the oldest, from the apse, dates to about 1150. This part of the clock is surrounded by painted figures representing the ancient empires Greece, Assyria, Persia, and Rome. Cathedrals can be found in the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox . The two rose windows above are later, from the 14th century, with vegetal designs. The initial property, inscribed in 1988 on the World Heritage List, was formed by the Grande-le, the historic centre of Strasbourg, structured around the cathedral. The planned south tower was never built and as a result, with its characteristic asymmetrical form, the cathedral is now the premier landmark of Alsace. [80], The north transept also contains the two baptismal fonts, one circular and one octagonal, in their own architectural settings, They were made by Jost Dotzinger in 1453. Strasbourg and Cologne Cathedral together represent some of the earliest uses of architectural drawing. This is also true for Ecclesia and Synagoga, arguably the most famous statues of the cathedral, if not of Strasbourg. Most of these windows date back to the 12th and 13th centuries! The first astronomical clock was installed in the cathedral from 135254 until 1500. A little history about Notre-Dame de Strasbourg Strasbourg's cathedral is an emblematic monument of the city, built on a site that was occupied by an important Roman camp when the city was called Argentoratum, and which has hosted many places of worship over the centuries. It is also a very early part of the cathedral, built shortly after 1150, with nine crossings and three naves of slightly different sizes, covered by Romanesque groin vaults. In October 1988, when the city celebrated its 2,000th anniversary (as the first official mention of Argentoratum dates from 12 BC), pope John Paul II visited and celebrated mass in the cathedral. Some of the windows were assembled with glass from different periods: in the windows devoted to the Emperors Frederick II and Henry II of Bamberg, the heads were made between 1250 and 1275, but in 1522 were remounted onto the bodies of other kings from earlier windows made in about 1180. The crossing dome is placed over the meeting point of the transept and the choir, and, like the bell tower, has eight sides. As with the other portals of the cathedral, most of the statues now to be seen in situ are copies, the originals having been moved to the Muse de luvre Notre-Dame.[32]. 26 November the Church (majestic and crowned), King Solomon (above two other small statues of children evoking his famous judgement), and the Synagogue (eyes blindfolded, a sign of the refusal of true faith by the Jewish religion). [16], A Roman settlement called Argentoratum, twenty hectares in size, existed on the site since about 12 B.C., at a strategic point where bridges crossed the Rhine and two of its tributaries. Other moving figures include a trumpet player carrying a banner and a pretzel vendor being offered flour, water, and salt by the caryatides on the console. The second wave of construction started in the 12th century, when the Gothic style of architecture had started to develop. 9. The rose window, with a rayonnant Gothic design, is fourteen metres in diameter and was finished in 1345. The original Romanesque cathedral burned down in the year 1176 and the construction of the modern-day cathedral started shortly after this disaster. Strasbourg is located close to the border of Germany. Both the interior and exterior of the Strasbourg Cathedral are extraordinary, once called by Victor Hugo "a prodigy of the gigantic and the delicate." Built on the foundations of a Roman. A Romanesque portal opens to the cloister outside. [35] Fragments can be seen in the Muse de luvre Notre-Dame. Strasbourg Cathedral or the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg (French: Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, or Cathdrale de Strasbourg, German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburg or Straburger Mnster), also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a Catholic cathedral in Strasbourg, Alsace, France. Archaeological excavations below and around the cathedral have been conducted in 18961897,[11] 1907,[12] 19231924,[13] 19471948,[14] between 1966 and 1972,[15] and finally between 2012 and 2014. They were constructed around its nave in the 12th century to lend support to the thin walls, after the need. The central art work of the North Transept is a large statue of Christ on the cross, over a sculptural landscape depicting the Mount of Olives, crowded with carved figures in dramatic poses. Walk through history on a guided walking tour of the Strasbourg Cathedral. All the parts of the clock together are 18m (59ft) high. One of the most fascinating facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that it took hundreds of years to complete. The wicked attempt, without success, to seduce the noble Virgins, but succeed with the foolish virgins. In addition to the grand organ in nave, the cathedral has two smaller organs: The baptismal font by Jost Dotzinger (1453), Judgement of Solomon window in north transept (late 12th c.), Saint John the Baptist and Saint John the Evangelist (3rd quarter of 12th century), left window of north transept, The transept and the apse were built atop the Romanesque crypt, making them a little higher than the nave; they are reached by a short stairway, giving the impression that the choir and apse are the stage of a theater. It became a major trading center for wine, grain, and later for textiles and luxury products. In 1524, the city council assigned the cathedral to the Protestant faith, while the building suffered some damage from iconoclastic assaults. [46] and stored in a salt mine near Heilbronn, Germany. From the platform of Strasbourg Cathedral, 66 meters above the ground, discover a striking panorama of the city in 1490 to the west, and in 1730 to the east. Its the capital of the Grand Est region of France in the historic region of Alsace. Decrees of the Emperor rendering justice were traditionally read out in front of this doorway. The construction, and later maintenance, of the cathedral is supervised by the Fondation de l'uvre Notre-Dame ("Foundation of Our Lady") since at least 1224. [84], The stained glass window in the axis of the apse depicts the Virgin of Alscace. Pl. A balustrade crosses the face of the transept, and above is a wall of two bays filled with stained glass. The other vaults in the crossing were also intended to be painted, but funding was insufficient. One of the coolest facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that you can get the best view of all on top of the cathedral itself! The north tower was the world's tallest building from 1647 (when the taller spire of St. Mary's Church, Stralsund burnt down) until 1874 (when the tower of St. Nikolai's Church in Hamburg was completed). The walls are pierced with narrow slits, like a medieval fortress, giving it a very military appearance. Each holds a sceptre in his right hand and an orb in the left hand, symbols of their responsibility as both sovereigns and religious figures. In 1372 the work was taken over a master Conrad, also known as Kuntze, about whom little is known, until 1382. [18], The next major step was the reconstruction of the nave into the Gothic style, which took place between 1240 and 1274. It's the most. This clock functioned until 1788, and can be seen today in the Strasbourg Museum of Decorative Arts. [8], A set of "Emperor" windows, (Otto I, Otto II, Otto III, Conrad II, Henry III), Emperors Philip of Swabia, Henry IV, Henry V, Frederick II, Henry II of Bamberg, with head remounted on earlier body (1522), The five lower bays on the north side contain some of the oldest stained glass of the cathedral, installed in the old Romanesque cathedral in about 1180. [25] The three men completed the bell tower over the central part of the faade, in a design that moved away from Gerlach von Steinbach's initial idea of a central tower and whose precise authorship is unknown. Just think of the Tour Saint Jacques, a sight in Paris that had its entire church demolished. The sculpture largely dates to the late 13th century and is similar in theme and style to that of the sculpture of Reims Cathedral made between 1250 and 1260, though the Strasbourg sculpture shows greater realism.[53]. Strasbourg Cathedral or the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg , also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a Catholic cathedral in Strasbourg, Alsace, France. The history of Strasbourg's cathedral is well documented thanks to the archives of the Notre-Dame Foundation, the city of Strasbourg, and of the diocese. At noon, a group of three mechanical kings would prostrate themselves before the infant Jesus, while the chimes of the clock sounded the hour. During the French Revolution nine bells were taken out and melted down to make cannon, but the "Totonglock" and a second bell, the "Zehrnerglock" (1.58 meters, 2.225 tons), made in Mathieu Edel in 1786, were preserved to ring the hours and serve as alarm bells for the city. As the spire of the cathedral is dominating the Strasbourg skyline, one starts to wonder why the building has an asymmetrical form, giving the structure the appearance that something is missing. Add to Favorites . At 142 metres (466 feet), Strasbourg Cathedral was the world's tallest building from 1647 to 1874 (227 years), when it was surpassed by St. Nikolai's Church, Hamburg. Built entirely in the Middle Ages, Strasbourg Cathedral was the tallest building in the world for more than 200 years. [72], The three levels of the nave; arcades and collateral aisles (bottom); triforium, and upper windows, The nave is the section of the cathedral between the narthex and the choir where ordinary parishioners are seated and worship. Interior of the Strasbourg cathedral De kathedraal van Straatsburg (Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, Strassburger Mnster) behoort tot de grootste en beroemdste kathedralen van Frankrijk. The cathedral was eventually surpassed in height by the St. Nikolai Church in Hamburg, Germany. It is the tallest building in the city and has been a World Heritage Site since 1988. Each has a particular theme of decoration; the left portal is dedicated to the infancy of Christ, the central portal to redemption, and the right portal to the Last Judgement. [51], The rose window and gallery of the Apostles, The west front or faade, the main entrance of the cathedral, is a relatively late addition, constructed between 1277 and 1490. On the last level are the Apostles, passing in front of Christ. The current cathedral was completed in 1439 and has been on the UNESCO World Heritage list since 1988. In 1877, architect Gustave Klotz reconstituted the windows in their original arrangement. One angel sounds the bell while a second turns over an hourglass. At the lower level are statues of the four Evangelists. In 1518, a 'dancing plague' affected around 400 people in Strasbourg, Alsace (Now a city of France . Strasbourg Cathedral still holds a remarkable record, 7. A sculpture of a head, wearing the hat of an architect or magistrate, gazes from the balustrade at the pillar of angels. [83], Animated characters launch into movement at different hours of the day. Let's find out the people who live in Strasbourg. Find Strasbourg Strasbourg Cathedral stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. One of the most amazing facts about Strasbourg Cathedral is that an addition was made in the early 16th century in the post-Gothic, early-Renaissance style, as well. In 1682, the choir screen (built in 1252) was broken out to expand the choir towards the nave. They were commissioned by Cardinal Richelieu for the Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris, and were made to accompany a painting there, "The Vow of Louis XIII". Today, about 275,000 people live there (with around 780,000 in the metropolitan area ). The original statues were replaced by copies in the 20th century and are today kept in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame. The design is composed of a series of unfolded arches which rest on a submerged "Latin Cross" floor plan. The transept of the cathedral was 55 meters long, the same length as the nave and choir. Dreamstime is the world`s largest stock photography community. The west front was also exceptional because it was flanked by two towers, the "harmonic" style which became common in Gothic cathedrals during the following century. SUBSCRIBE TO THE NEWSLETTER AND GET THE FREE EBOOK Schedule: Monday to Saturday: 8:30 to 11:15 a.m. and 12:45 to 5:45 p.m. Sundays and feast days: 2 to 5:15 p.m. May be closed to visiting during services. The length of the cathedral is about 100 metres, with the main aisle of 38 metres. (15th c.), The chapel as it appeared in the 14th century (19th-century engraving), Tomb of Bishop Conrad de Lichtenberg (131020), The Chapel of Saint John the Baptist is located just to the left of the apse, at the northeast end of the cathedral. The cathedral can be seen from over 30 kilometers (20 miles) away from all sides on a clear day. Christianity was first imposed in 313 by the Edict of Constantine. [80], The north transept connects with the Chapel of Saint John, entered through a pointed Gothic arch containing a rounded Romanesque arch. The more recent one is under the transept, from about 1150, and the older one, under the apse, was built in about 1110 to 1120. This included rebuilding the crypt and the addition of new stained-glass windows. [38], Seven church bells were removed and melted down to made into cannon, and gold and other precious objects in the interior confiscated and taken away, and in November 1793 the cathedral was formally proclaimed a "Temple of Reason. [17] The first recorded bishop, Amand, participated in the Councils of Cologne and Sardique in 346 and 347. It looks over the former cloister of the canons of the cathedral. 10. The chevet, or east end, probably also had a tower, and was flanked by two chapels. The very beautiful stained glass windows date from the fourteenth century and is mostly a work by John Kircheim. Overview Download history Purchase history Invoices Boards SIGN OUT. Strasbourg Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Strasbourg, France. The original construction phase utilized the Romanesque architectural style. The first version of the church was starting to be built during 1015 by proposal of Bishop Werner von Habsburg, but fire destroyed most of the original Romanesque building. During the French Revolution in the late 18th century, churches in France were in great danger. [17], The first cathedral built on the present site was erected by the bishop Saint Arbogast in about 550575. If you enjoyed this video, make sure to subscribe to our channel. Cathedral facts for kids. [34] The main or high altar, a major work of early Renaissance sculpture, was also demolished that year. [56], The mid-level of the transept over the portal, built in about 1230, has lancet windows and a statue of Virgin, flanked by Saint Peter and Saint Lawrence. The original Romanesque cathedral burned down in the year 1176 and the construction of the modern-day cathedral started shortly after this disaster. Construction began in 1015, and it was largely completed in 1432. Take the time to marvel at the magnificent, amazing statuary inside and outside of this masterpiece of Gothic architecture. Strasbourg cathedral is an excellent example of gothic art, though the building also has Romanesque features dating back to before 1225 when there was a change of craftsmen. Climbing up to the Cathedral's platform and guard house is a thrilling experience. Until today, the church remains the 6th-tallest church in the world and is the most prominent landmark in Strasbourg. This project was completed in 1926, after the end of the war. [10], The history of Strasbourg's cathedral is well documented thanks to the archives of the Notre-Dame Foundation, the city of Strasbourg, and of the diocese. Protestant and Revolutionary iconoclasm, the war periods of 1681, 1870 and 19401944, as well as changes in taste and liturgy, have taken a toll on some of Strasbourg Cathedral's most outstanding features such as the choir screen of 1252 and the successive high altars (ca. They were purchased by the Chapter of Strasbourg Cathedral in 1739, and were an example of the importation of the French style of that period into Alsace. Construction History of the Strasbourg Cathedral in Alsace. [18], The new church was exceptionally large, just ten meters shorter than the present cathedral, and just ten meters narrower on its west front. When the word was spread that Adolf Hitler wanted to turn the church into a national sanctuary of the German people during World War II, all the stained-glass windows were put into 74 boxes and stored in a salt mine near Heilbronn in Germany. It is decorated with four vertical groups of statue-columns, depicting scenes from Christ and the Last Judgement, as well as four angels carrying the instruments of the Passion, and above that, four more angels sounding trumpets. [84], Canon Conrad de Bussnang praying to Virgin and Child. Its therefore considered to be one of the 4 capitals of Europe along with Brussels, Luxembourg City, and Frankfurt. [52], The west front takes its distinctive appearance and sense of verticality from the dense network of lacelike pointed gables, pinnacles and tall, slender columns that cover it. [39][37] Following the war, Klotz took German nationality so he could continue his work. Every day at solar noon, Christ and the Apostles go on a procession and the rooster is integrated into the clock crows thrice. The reddish-brown sandstone from the Vosges mountains gives the cathedral its distinctive colour.[8]. The known dimensions of the building are as follows:[87]. The northern transept is decorated with the Emperor Windows, also referred to as the Kaiserfenster.. The first traverses were made in what was known as the Lorraine style, with two levels of quadripartite windows, traversed by a narrow passageway.