which of the following is a pathogen quizlet

*Cytokines regulate white blood cell formation so they are being investigated as a possible treatment for AIDS. damage resulting in cell lysis Margination is defined as the process in which monocytes stick to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection Which of the following pairs is mismatched? possess specific receptors. *(e) gel permeation. general Which of the following is not a lymphatic organ? True Section: 07.03, Shaun was in need of a kidney transplant. 34. Section: 07.02, Which of the following is not considered a barrier to entry of a pathogen? If you have a __________, you literally have a plant living on your body. Rhino virus True or False: Breast milk is considered a possible transmission source of bloodborne pathogens. Section: 07.04, The RhoGAM shot given to Rh negative mothers with an Rh positive fetus is an example of what type of immunity? all of the following are common viginal infections except? - it acts as a mutagen and carcinogen a type of sking infection spread by direct skin-to-skin contact is what? B. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. a. Which of the following is not a bacteria disease? What do "having the measles" and being vaccinated against the measles have in common? There is currently no vaccination available for Hepatitis B. Describe the motion of air particles inside an inflated balloon. C Yeast infection A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Which of the following is NOT a pathogen? Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens Toll-Free 1-877-922-7233 Program #07-108 www.osha-safety-training.net Employee Training Quiz - Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens 1. Infect healthy rats with the complemented strain and see if the severity of disease is comparable to when rats are infected with the wild type pathogen. An employee who has been exposed to blood or OPIM must be offered a private medical evaluation. Fungal and parasitic pathogens use pathogenic mechanisms and virulence factors that are similar to those of bacterial pathogens. (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? ", Organisms or the toxins they produce that can cause disease in people or animals are known as, "Any item that has the potential to pierce, cut, or puncture the skin should be disposed of in a proper puncture proof container immediately after being used.". In July 2015, a report was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. endobj Section: 07.04. (proficiency; vagrancy). 21. What type of response is this? False, True C white blood cells. A person steps on a rusty nail and develops tetanus. Or is it also valid to say that the Sun goes around the Earth? Multiple Choice Cryptococcus neoformans causes a systemic infection primarily involving the gastrointestinal tract; this fungus always grows as a large. (c) The number of pathogen particles began to decline/die off. Brian goes to the hospital after not feeling well for a week. IgM They phagocytize any pathogenic bacteria that attempt to infect. mucous membranes (b) In terms of quantity of pathogen, in what way are these periods different? Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase? rheumatoid arthritis An employee, who has an occupational exposure potential with blood or OPIM, does not need to notify their supervisor as to the existence of an open sore. HCG *Allergic responses are hypersensitivities (greater sensitivities). Example: The tounsts had an appomtment to meet with their nation's $\overset{\text{consul}}{\cancel{\text{counsel}}}$. True Learn more about OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens (online CE course) Which of the following is NOT classified as a bloodborne pathogen? Universal response b. Of the three options listed, which is the preferred method to protect employees from exposure to blood or OPIM? C. must list all department personnel by name, A Level UK Politics: Topic 4 - Voting Behavio, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Medical Terminology: Learning Through Practice. Leishmania (Leishmaniasis). False, False C Protozoa A Mononucleosis antiviral drugs can completely eradicate viral infections. Any visible signs of illness could affect the observations made. creating interferon. Find P(X = k) for k = 0, 1, 2, and 3. IgA antibodies prevent pathogens from attaching to epithelial cells in the digestive and respiratory tract. During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patients gum with a sharp instrument. Kochs postulates are used to determine whether a particular microorganism is a pathogen. Which period is the stage of disease during which the patient begins to present general signs and symptoms? The virus infected the gorillas and chimpanzees, but only the chimpanzees got sick since the virus is not a pathogen to gorillas. Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine that is used for pain relief. "As a student, I am NOT required to receive the Hepatitis B vaccination prior to starting my clinical rotations. degrade nucleic acid to promote spread of pathogen, degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes. Blood is the only bodily fluid that can carry pathogens. perchlorate is released as a gas form rockets but is then dissolved into water in the atmosphere or when it falls to the ground, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses. They are both forms of an immune deficiency. Which of the following is not a bloodborne pathogen? Patients who are at risk due to surgical incisions, weakened immune systems due to pre-existing conditions or medical treatments could use those sinks, transfer the pathogen to their bodies and develop an infection or disease. Section: 07.05, All autoimmune diseases are caused strictly by environmental factors such as viral infections. It acts as a spreading factor. Section: 07.02, Which of the following is not a sign of inflammation? *Rheumatic fever is associated with an inflammatory response that can damage the heart muscle and valves. Some helminths are so large that the immune system is ineffective against them. C infection. Signs: fever Safety glasses are not necessary when working with BBP? Candida can invade tissue by producing the exoenzymes __________ and __________. Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. u|m_0 O0"Nff ~#e Section: 07.02, In SCID, antibodies are missing but T cells function normally. Section: 07.05, Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease? Treating all human materials as if to be infected with bloodborne pathogens is called. Primary pathogens are capable of causing pathological changes associated with disease in a healthy individual. 28. 12. Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? *Certain complement proteins involved in the membrane attack complex kill foreign microbes by causing them to burst. Test Prep. Bloodborne pathogens are: -Viruses and bacteria -micro-organisms -Carried in the blood -Transmitted by other potentially infectious materials Which of the following is NOT considered a bloodborne pathogen? It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. In an infection, a microorganism enters a host and begins to multiply. Since some bacteria in a biofilm are not actively growing (or are in exponential, or log, phase), they would not be affected by antibiotics. In this case, the person has acquired a(n) __________ disease. Molecular Kochs postulates are used to determine what genes contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. ____ 1. What is the minimum number of mirrors needed for this task? Section: 07.04, If you were vaccinated against the mumps virus and later exposed to it, you would still be infected but it would not be as bad as if you had never been vaccinated. Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Koch's postulates? On encountering the pathogen, B-cells differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies into our blood. As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis (an infection of the heart). Section: 07.03, People with allergies do not produce IgE. (d) affinity. budding yeast with an elaborate capsule Cryptococcus neoformans causes a systemic infection primarily involving the lungs and central . *Neutrophils and macrophages are the main cells involved in the inflammatory response. *Autoimmune diseases can be genetic or environmental. Which pathogen is non-living? What does this mean for the movement of this chemical through the environment? Microorganisms that do not cause disease. Which type of disease is this? a. the vehicle that carries the pathogen b. a person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen c. a person who has a party for friends and family d. the intermediate resevoir where the pathogen lives A person or population that comes in contact with a pathogen 1. IgE antibodies are responsible for the immediate allergic response and protection against parasitic worms. *The correct order is: antigen binds to BCR; B cell activated; B cell divides; plasma cells form. Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. I will be given an exposure plan by my clinical instructor/coordinator detailing what steps I should take if I am exposed to a potentially infectious source while at my clinical site. Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. Hepatitis B c. HIV d. E.coli Definition a. in putting on ppe, the first article to put on is the which of the following is not OSHA standard? D. degrade cell membranes to allow pathogens to escape phagosomes, 13. Some have glycans on their surface which the immune system fails to recognize. Section: 07.05, Which autoimmune disease is associated with an inflammatory response that can damage the heart muscle and valves? They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. This page titled 15.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises) is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. IgA Make sure that all rats in the study are healthy. Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. *(c) ion. it coats the surface of the pathogens to make them easily recognizable View the full answer *Lymphocytes are produced in the bone marrow and T lymphocytes travel to the thymus to mature. possess fimbrae. Tuberculosis, rheumatic fever A world-class bicycle rider can generate one-half horsepower for long periods. 2. A microbiologist has identified a new gram-negative pathogen that causes liver disease in rats. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he A. wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables. Simple one-celled organisms that are the most powerful pathogens are what? Calculate the outside air temperature. which of the following is a pathogen, risk is often presented as _____, which is a measure of the statistical likelihood that something will occur, generally speaking, as economic development occurs, the risk of exposure to indoor air pollution _____, and the impact . antigen binds to BCR; B cell divides; B cell activated; plasma cells form *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. (a) Would the toxin be able to enter into the intestinal epithelial cell? Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? Undifferentiated B-cells remain as memory cells. AIDS and tuberculosis are not autoimmune disorders. He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. True A biological or physical vehicle that carries an agent to a host describes a what? nonspecific Through a drop of infected blood on healthy skin. anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body Section: 07.02. Automatically remove your image background. One set of the body's defenses are called "innate." C. Plasmodium Bacteria in a biofilm are coated in EPS and, therefore, are not easily treated with antibiotics. Which of the following is defined as a plant or animal so small it can only be seen with a microscope? Which pathogen is most virulent? cell-mediated IgM Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? 33 Which of the following protozoan supergroup - pathogen pairs is incorrect? Which of the following best describes the innate nonspecific immune system? epinephrine IgG HBV is known to have survived in dried blood for up to ____ days and pose a serious risk of exposure during that time. Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. i0g:M&$"w I4EBKLVE^Jqrv>A5N\ Which of the following would be a sign of an infection? 3. 30. Employees who have an occupational exposure risk to blood or OPIM are to be offered the hepatitis B vaccination at no cost. Section: 07.03, What is the definition of an antigen? It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. a. Which of the following is not required as part of an organization's exposure control plan? ;N>!yOl9;F/QZ~>$l{i"ZIW&t"NJV\fpL[ #T&~3-#b|Cs?^(qVtRgCi)b/)VEf8*5a=b\UZA`p\-X4U%PoHq+*`4#.CG 6Bmt{#&K-S paiYWkv'LgeWIZ IV.# ^Y9+~q)_rAfbomv%el Explain how helminths evade the immune system. 1. have enzymes which react with antigens. True or False 2. D Protozoan, Unit 7: Alcohol, Drugs and Tobacco Awareness, Honors English III Final Exam- Vocab and Rhet, Spanish Exam Speaking Questions and Answers, Dutton's Orthopaedic: Examination, Evaluation and Intervention. Imagine that a mutation in the gene encoding the cholera toxin was made. <> The body's immune system will react the same was as it did during the first exposure. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. If the acupuncture needles are not sterile, pathogens could enter skin tissue or blood vessels, potentially initiating an infection. memory cell It is one of the most common bacterial causes of diarrhea and the most common cause of foodborne-related hospitalizations and deaths. Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. a protein produced by plasma cells that attacks pathogens pain inactivating their ribosomes. *(a) gas-liquid. P. aeruginosa usually causes localized ear and eye infections but can cause pneumonia or septicemia in vulnerable individuals like newborn babies. C. marinates the cut-up pieces of raw chicken in the . *The spleen cleanses the blood. causing them to burst. Noise Term Simgle-celled microscopic animals that realease enzymes or toxing that destroy cells are called what? Define the viscosity and osmolarity of blood. B Inchworms B Measles Distinguish between the signs and symptoms of disease in Brian's case. immediate allergic B. Cryptococcus hepatitis C Fungus helps other immune responses. A healthcare worker not washing his/her hands. (c) What initiates the period of decline? Section: 07.05, Human Anatomy Physiology Laboratory Manual Main Version, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin. they only act internally. 1. False, True complement bone marrow and thyroid They phagocytize any pathogenic bacteria that attempt to infect. Two periods of acute disease are the periods of illness and period of decline. A. Pathogens are microorganisms that cure disease. True (b) How do they differ? *IgM antibodies are the first produced by a plasma cell. 26. Which of the following is NOT considered a bloodborne pathogen? Ability to adhere to, colonize, or invade the host 3. What does this evidence tell you about this chemical? Which of the following are most likely to be. c. employers must have written airborne pathogen exposure control plans I'm workspace. A difference between an acute disease and chronic disease is that chronic diseases have an extended period of __________. Section: 07.04, Before working at the hospital, Beth was given a Mantoux skin test to detect tuberculosis. D Polio, Which disease is often called the "kissing disease" because you can get it from contact with saliva? Multiple Choice. Exotoxins are proteins secreted mainly by gram-positive bacteria. 23. systemic lupus erythematosus <>>> causing them to burst. IgM D Viruses, Which childhood disease causes infantile paralysis? eosinophils and basophils a generalized and nonspecific set of defenses against a class or group of pathogens. Which of the following individuals introduced the terms "aerobes" and "anaerobes"? IgE Which of the following must a pathogen possess in order for it to be successful at causing infectious disease? For each of the following pairs of isotopes, indicate which one you think would be radioactive: Protozoa adhere to target cells through complex mechanisms and can cause cellular damage through release of cytopathic substances. Hypersensitivity to a substance in one's diet or environment is called what? Section: 07.02. false Strep throat is caused by a? He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. TCR In this context, this means The new gorilla brought a virus that infects gorillas without causing disease, but is virulent to chimpanzees. All of the following groups are among the most vulnerable to infectious illnesses except? 19. In each of the following sentences, cross out any incorrect word and write the correct word above it. MTBE is used to be added to gasoline sold for vehicles, MTBE has been found in groundwater. Section: 07.02, The membrane attack complex of the complement system is not effective against viruses. (a) How are these toxins similar? B. If all the words in a sentence are correct, write C after the sentence. endobj 11. *IgE antibody levels rise in an parasite infection and would therefore be higher than normal. In an employer's exposure control plan, s/he is required to include a category called 'exposure determination'. histamine A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. Nb['hm *T cells possess specific receptors that help them identify antigens. Salmonella is the name of a group of bacteria that causes the infection salmonellosis. You also discover that it targets liver cells. - B cells - antibodies - T-Cells - inflammation 2 See answers Advertisement antioxidant *Anything that the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body is called an antigen. *The acquired defense system will also recognize cancer cells with abnormal membrane proteins and destroy them. involves chemical barriers to entry. The body will not be able to fight off the pathogen quickly, because it knows how to get into the body easier. The four main functions of inflammation are to protect the body from further damage, remove damaged tissue, repair tissue damage, and prevent the spread of infection. They must then receive a copy of the evaluation within ___ days, The hepatitis B virus can last for up to seven days outside of the body. 7zP$>O Zcm62b* . Which of the following are small cell masses where protective cells are stored? MHC Let the upper rod have a mass of 7.0kg7.0 \mathrm{~kg}7.0kg and the lower rod a mass of 4.0kg4.0 \mathrm{~kg}4.0kg. all of the following may contribute to urinary tract infections except? A. a surface protein allowing the pathogen to bind to host cells B. a secondary host the pathogen can infect C. a surface protein the host immune system recognizes D. the ability to form a provirus A 10. (a) The patient exhibits the signs and symptoms of the disease in both of these periods. The human leg can be compared to a physical pendulum, with a "natural" swinging period at which walking is easiest. Which of the following choices lists the steps of pathogenesis in the correct order? Neglect rolling friction. rheumatic fever False 3. If racing at sea level, find the velocity this cyclist can maintain. Is salt and pepper a heterogeneous mixture? Identify the similarities and differences between a lake and a stream. neutral, active, active, passive A) the sticking of monocytes to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection. D antibodies. Candida can invade tissue by producing the exoenzymes __________ and __________. Ability to be transported initially to the host 2. Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. steroid Infectious diseases can be spread by any of the following ways except: The following is not a defense mechanism for infectious disease: The organism that attaches itself to healthy cells is called a/an: The virus that causes __________ also causes itchy, red bumps. B Virus (a) How are these toxins similar? When the immune system fails to recognize its own body tissue and begins to attack it, it is known as what? Bacterial toxins include endotoxin and exotoxins. During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patient's gum with a sharp instrument. Thaks po Advertisement Advertisement New questions in Science. {H(Iq4fU{dwYVH@hi!XM!9/fiTxUyf+0v Aq]e;-yTzY7&#wcYk#Doyiclr"c!C IgD Certain complement proteins kill foreign microbes by *In active immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens and in passive immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. Explain why each of these is important for human survival. Can you place a MediaPlayer in multiple MediaViews? The concentration of pathogen needed to kill 50% of an infected group of test animals is the __________. The page below is a sample from the LabCE course OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Likewise, hand washing does not eliminate the need for the use of gloves. True They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. All of the following are effective strategies for preventing the common cold, except? True 4. Something about names of all department personnel. Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. *Hay fever is a hypersensitivity. which of the following is a pathogen, risk is often presented as _________, which is a measure of the statistical likelihood that something will occur, generally speaking, as economic development occurs, the risk of exposure to indoor air pollution _______, and the impact of over consumption of food and tobacco _________, advocates of environmental justice seek which of the following, risks related to development spread evenly across all populations, You are working with a chemical, so to educate yourself about the chemical's hazard, you read its material safety data sheet (MSDS) the msds indicates that the LD50 for the chemical is 5 grams per kilogram body weight this LD50 indicates that____, Half of the animals tested died when given that dose of the chemical, Which of the following is a cryonic effect of exposure to a toxin, The process of risk assessment includes all of the following except, Weighing the risk against economic, social, and legal considerations, Although bisphenol (BPA) is found in plastics sold in the United States, the chemical has been banned in many countries because it is, thalidomide was banned because it was determined to be, leaded paint and gasoline are longer available in the US because lead is, which of the following pollutants is/are readily dissolved and transported in water, which of the following organisms runs the highest risk of harm as a result of the biological magnification of pollutants, which of the following diseases is spread via water containing infected human waste, how can a flu virus be more dangerous than the ebola virus, individuals infected with a flu virus tend to travel and spread the disease before they get sick, benefits that we draw from the environment, what disease is expected to become more widespread as a result of global climate change, prevent disease outbreaks and harm from natural disasters, air pollution causes considerable harm to human health, based on your understanding of how air pollution affects people, which of the following examples is most likely to cause harm, a carcinogen is released from gasoline while a car is being filled. In July 2015, a report1 was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. 35 Questions Show answers Question 1 10 seconds Q. Section: 07.04, Cytokines assist in regulating white blood cell formation. a. pathogens The time between a pathogen invasion and the development of the first symptoms is called the what? We]D!DTJewEj(dd.v,"t?huBwh7Vr5qjazNlAZO;8?&EToAb#xBxjzl?ch"x\}CAASM{Pj\^ViATinfMi\k+>!aOi/_gw]6/U)M~+ 8c Zj-L*c. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 816.96] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Based on these characteristics, how would you classify this toxin? - it is an opportunistic pathogen Which of the following would be a virulence factor of a pathogen? Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. <> (a) In what way are both of these periods similar? OSHA mandates that all employers are required to provide the Hepatits B vaccination to employees free of charge. x[ms6|fj 2sMnNhKM*] $ rdIX>Nvjc/_vbU/vk?OuSmsv.^]N_sy3bH,eY|d|g1s9{v1Ogti~9]WrV==j5,4?iG^~%k/ejP7-0_kK_}wNE=?2|y= w 6eiW2xl z{5jW,>pJE$Bfl^b'ddQ8odUpfct{KY|{U;&I$t zrs,# @-"*1.!c?]sr[z}jeOg_W/_,lR"=58Nx? Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. C. collagenase IgD antibodies signify the readiness of the B cells. A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? 2 Q One-celled plants and animals are called: unicells. 32. the purpose of a protective environment for highly immunosuppressed patient is prevent transmission of infection to patient, Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology: Cha, Radiation Protection Radiation Monitoring, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins. period of illness = the time at which the signs and symptoms of disease are most obvious and severe. Blood splash to the nose Needle stick Through the air Blood exposure to skin that is chapped or abraded 7, Which of the following is the appropriate place to dispose of glass pieces from broken slides or ampules? heat The electric component of a beam of polarized light is Ey=(5.00V/m)sin[(1.00106m1)z+t]E_y=(5.00V/m)\sin[(1.00 \times 10^6 m^{-1})z + \omega t]Ey=(5.00V/m)sin[(1.00106m1)z+t]. List the types of substances to which each of the following chromatographic methods is most applicable: they are lost as we age. 1. eosinophils *People with allergies produce ten times more IgE than those people without allergies. IgE, IgM Some infections cause disease, which is any deviation from the normal function or structure of the host. Organisms that carry and pass on the pathogen without getting the disease, some types of escherichia coli are normal flora of the, the most important way to stop the spread of infection is through. Uploaded By AndreaM8. plasma cells form; B cell activated; B cell divides; antigen binds to BCR D Polio, Which pathogen cannot be cured with antibiotics?

which of the following is a pathogen quizlet 2023